Battery Materials
Hard carbon
Hard carbon is a non-graphitizing carbon used and investigated as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries.
Material-specific processing priorities
Retain pore structure while controlling particle size. Compare surface area, new fines and particle integrity before and after milling; size alone does not establish electrochemical performance.
Process selection
Gentle processing with pore-structure retention
These are starting points for selection and trials. Choose steps for the actual target; not every material needs every operation.
- 01
Assess structure: establish pores, density and functional targets and distinguish intact particles, fragile structures and soft agglomerates.
- 02
Deagglomerate gently or grind selectively: verify structural retention before increasing intensity and check stable feeding of low-density powder.
- 03
Grade and collect low-density powder: remove coarse particles or fines as required and assess losses from filtration, pressure drop and line residues.
Selection rationale and related equipment
Choose the processing action for the feed before comparing configurations.
Compare classification and gentle deagglomeration first; add grinding only when solid particles must be smaller. Select jet, classifier or laboratory equipment using structure, function and recovery together.
Information to prepare before a trial
Bulk density, pores or surface area, feed grade, moisture, intended use, allowable structural change and combustible-dust data where relevant.
Also provide planned throughput, continuous or batch operation, intended use, gas/heat utilities and available sample quantity. State measurement methods and dispersion conditions for D10/D50/D90 so trials are comparable.
How to evaluate trial results
Size and recovery, pore volume/surface area, density and application metrics for adsorption, filtration, electrodes or other intended uses.
Trial records should link feed batch and condition with configuration, operating conditions, collection and measurement methods. Throughput, energy and product specifications depend on tests under agreed conditions and should not be transferred across materials or grades.
Read particle size, morphology and yield termsCompare suitable powder-processing routes for your feed grade and target specifications.
Discuss this material / request a trial